Human Spaceflights

International Flight-No. 56

Soyuz 21

USSR

early Salyut patch
first Salyut patch

Launch, orbit and landing data

Launch date:  06.07.1976
Launch time:  12:09 UT
Launch site:  Baikonur
Launch pad:  1
Altitude:  193 - 253 km
Declination:  51,59°
Landing date:  24.08.1976
Landing time:  18:33 UT
Landing site:  200 km SW of Kokchetav
Crew Soyuz 21

alternate crew photo

Crew

No.   Surname Given name Job Flight No. Duration Orbits
1 USSR  Volynov  Boris Valentinovich  Commander 2 49d 06h 23m  791 
2 USSR  Zholobov  Vitali Mikhailovich  Flight Engineer 1 49d 06h 23m  791 

Crew seating arrangement

Launch
1  Volynov
2  Zholobov
Soyuz spaceship
Landing
1  Volynov
2  Zholobov

Animations: Soyuz

Launch deorbit entry
(requires Macromedia Flash Player)
with friendly permission of www.marscenter.it

1. Double Crew

No.   Surname Given name Job
1 USSR  Zudov  Vyacheslav Dmitriyevich  Commander
2 USSR  Rozhdestvensky  Valeri Iliych  Flight Engineer
Crew Soyuz 21 (1. double)

2. Double Crew

No.   Surname Given name Job
1 USSR  Gorbatko  Viktor Vasiliyevich  Commander
2 USSR  Glazkov  Yuri Nikolayevich  Flight Engineer
Crew Soyuz 21 (2. double)

Flight

Launch from Baikonur; landing 200 km southwest of Kokchetav.

Docking with Salyut 5 was problematic, because of a failure of the Igla system; main military experiments. Observation of aquarium-fishes in the microgravity. Solar observation and biological observation (plant growing) were carried out. The Kalialaun-experiment was needed for observation of crystal grooving in space. Also a TV-conference with pupils was held.

Premature return to Earth because of suspected toxic gases in the spacestation. Zholobov suffered from space sickness and homesickness and the crew from psychological problems; at landing date the crew was in very bad psychological and mental condition. So it could be, that the problem with toxic gases could have been only a pretext, but nothing is sure.

Photos / Drawings

Salyut 5 Soyuz 21 launch

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Last update on June 08, 2008.

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